The recycling of transmitter vesicles at synapses shows calcium-dependent regulation that depends on the phosphorylation status of an enzyme called dynamin.
Cells that give rise to the infectious form of parasitic flatworms called schistosomes show similar patterns of gene expression to stem cells in free-living flatworms.
Mikhail Kudryashev, Marco Stenta ... Henning Stahlberg
The basal body of the type-III secretion system of Yersinia enterocolitica within bacterial membranes shows elasticity and is longer than related isolated systems.
Hundreds of cell growth and stress response genes are controlled by a rare small RNA component of an ancient splicing machinery, providing a raison d'être for its previously unexplained evolutionary conservation.
Experiments with realistic acoustic stimuli have revealed that humans distinguish salient sounds from background noise by integrating frequency and temporal information.
Physical contact between two Myxococcus xanthus cells is sufficient to fuse their outer membrane transiently and exchange outer membrane proteins and lipids at high efficiency.
Calla M Olson, Marissa R Donovan ... Michael T Marr II
Utilizing a conserved mechanism, a ribosome can initiate translation from a site within the insulin receptor mRNA to maintain protein synthesis even when standard mechanisms of initiating translation have been inhibited by stress.
Stefan Heinrichs, Lillian F Conover ... A Thomas Look
Reduced expression of MYBL2 contributes to malignancies of the blood by permitting uncontrolled expansion of blood cell progenitors, implying a tumor suppressor function for this gene.
The structural basis for Her2's role as a dedicated heterodimerization partner for other EGFR family receptors is elucidated with long-timescale atomistic simulations.
By using structural methods to screen compounds for their ability to interact with amyloid beta, researchers have identified small molecules that stabilize amyloid fibers and reduce the toxic effect of smaller aggregates on cells.
By comparing gene expression in people before and after they received the influenza vaccine, researchers were able to identify genes that contribute to differences in individual responses to vaccination.
Detailed analysis of fMRI data shows that sequences of movements are associated with individual patterns of neural activity that become more distinct with training.
Hypothemycin, which inhibits a number of protein kinases, kills the T. brucei parasites that cause sleeping sickness and reveals new therapeutic targets for the disorder.
C-terminal phosphorylation of the lipid phosphatase PTEN drives a reduction in membrane affinity and leads to a more compact conformation that involves a C2 domain-tail interaction.
Synergistic interactions with PI(4,5)P2 and activated Rho1, which are enriched at the apical membrane of tubular organs, facilitate tight apical targeting of the formin Diaphanous.
Katarzyna Nowak, Gerhard Seisenbacher ... Hugo Stocker
Nutrient limitation elicits differential responses in cells lacking the tumor suppressor PTEN and in normal cells, resulting in hyperplastic overgrowth of PTEN mutant tissue independent of additional mutations.
Geoff P O'Donoghue, Rafal M Pielak ... Jay T Groves
Quantitative observations of single-molecule binding between antigen and T cell receptor (TCR) in living primary T cells reveals unbinding kinetics, stoichiometry and signaling molecule recruitment, providing insights into the mechanisms of antigen recognition by the immune system.
Andrea Sánchez-Vallet, Raspudin Saleem-Batcha ... Jeroen R Mesters
Structural and biochemical analysis of a protein called Ecp6, which is produced by a tomato fungus, reveals how the protein prevents plants from launching an immune response to the chitin in fungal cell walls.
C. elegans exhibits two distinct behavioural macro-states, active and quiet wakefulness, and protein kinase A regulates switching between these two states.
A modified form of Green Fluorescent Protein integrated into an ammonium transporter provides a sensor that can be used to monitor transport activity in vivo.
