Autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among individuals with a family history of alcohol use disorders

  1. Jan Sundquist  Is a corresponding author
  2. Kristina Sundquist
  3. Jianguang Ji  Is a corresponding author
  1. Lund University, Sweden
  2. Stanford University School of Medicine, United States
4 tables

Tables

Table 1

Basic characteristics of patients with autism and ADHD

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02917.003
CharacteristicAutismADHD
No.%No.%
SexMale1680869.63349167.9
Female734930.41585732.1
Age (years)<10599524.8812916.5
10–19967140.02285446.3
20–29421517.4772715.7
30+427617.71063821.6
Time period1987–19904251.82070.4
1991–19956562.73810.8
1996–200011995.013072.6
2001–2005645726.7995320.2
2006–20101542063.83750076.0
All24157100.049348100.0
Table 2

Risk of autism and ADHD in offspring when their parents were diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (AUD)

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02917.004
AUD in parentNo. of offspring at riskPerson-years of follow-upAutismADHD
OSIR95% CIOSIR95% CI
Risk in sons
Father235696448570717931.391.331.4555482.172.112.22
Mother6921413447665671.551.431.6919522.732.612.85
Parents289763554036222031.411.351.4768002.202.152.25
Risk in daughters
Father22531743061947531.311.221.426092.122.042.21
Mother65,47912755072451.501.321.79702.772.602.95
Parents27643953052859331.341.251.4332472.182.102.25
Risk in offspring
Father461013879190125461.361.311.4281572.152.112.20
Mother13469326202738121.541.431.6529222.742.642.84
Parents5662021084564731361.391.341.4410,0472.192.152.23
PAF3.6%11%
  1. O, observed number of cases; SIR, standardized incidence ratio; CI, confidence interval.

  2. Bold type, 95% CI does not include 1.00.

  3. PAF, population attributable fraction.

Table 3

Risk of autism and ADHD in offspring when their parents were diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (AUD) before the birth of the offspring

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02917.005
AUD in parentNo. of offspring at riskPerson-years of follow-upAutismADHD
OSIR95% CIOSIR95% CI
Risk in sons
Father418324103274421.441.311.5915552.602.482.74
Mother877680,689991.671.352.033473.142.823.49
Parents487044725965141.461.341.5917782.612.492.73
Risk in daughters
Father396843904291451.401.181.645653.052.803.31
Mother845777259361.791.252.481193.442.854.12
Parents462994500221751.471.261.706343.002.773.24
Risk in offspring
Father815168007565871.431.321.5521202.712.592.83
Mother172331579481351.701.422.014663.222.933.52
Parents950039226186891.461.361.5824122.702.592.81
  1. O, observed number of cases; SIR, standardized incidence ratio; CI, confidence interval.

  2. Bold type, 95% CI does not include 1.00.

Table 4

Risk of autism and ADHD in adoptees when their biological or adoptive parents were diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (AUD)

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02917.006
No. of offspring at riskPerson-years of follow-upAutismADHD
OSIR95% CIOSIR95% CI
Biological parents with AUD
 Father217551746162.151.233.50532.631.973.44
 Mother138132745101.810.863.35181.210.721.92
 Parents325177310191.751.052.74581.911.452.47
Adoptive parents with AUD
 Father45710,83910.750.004.2871.780.703.68
 Mother2295443041.930.504.98
 Parents6541554610.510.002.9391.590.723.04
  1. O, observed number of cases; SIR, standardized incidence ratio; CI, confidence interval.

  2. Bold type, 95% CI does not include 1.00.

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  1. Jan Sundquist
  2. Kristina Sundquist
  3. Jianguang Ji
(2014)
Autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among individuals with a family history of alcohol use disorders
eLife 3:e02917.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02917