TY - JOUR TI - Mushroom body output neurons encode valence and guide memory-based action selection in Drosophila AU - Aso, Yoshinori AU - Sitaraman, Divya AU - Ichinose, Toshiharu AU - Kaun, Karla R AU - Vogt, Katrin AU - Belliart-Guérin, Ghislain AU - Plaçais, Pierre-Yves AU - Robie, Alice A AU - Yamagata, Nobuhiro AU - Schnaitmann, Christopher AU - Rowell, William J AU - Johnston, Rebecca M AU - Ngo, Teri-T B AU - Chen, Nan AU - Korff, Wyatt AU - Nitabach, Michael N AU - Heberlein, Ulrike AU - Preat, Thomas AU - Branson, Kristin M AU - Tanimoto, Hiromu AU - Rubin, Gerald M A2 - Luo, Liqun VL - 3 PY - 2014 DA - 2014/12/23 SP - e04580 C1 - eLife 2014;3:e04580 DO - 10.7554/eLife.04580 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.04580 AB - Animals discriminate stimuli, learn their predictive value and use this knowledge to modify their behavior. In Drosophila, the mushroom body (MB) plays a key role in these processes. Sensory stimuli are sparsely represented by ∼2000 Kenyon cells, which converge onto 34 output neurons (MBONs) of 21 types. We studied the role of MBONs in several associative learning tasks and in sleep regulation, revealing the extent to which information flow is segregated into distinct channels and suggesting possible roles for the multi-layered MBON network. We also show that optogenetic activation of MBONs can, depending on cell type, induce repulsion or attraction in flies. The behavioral effects of MBON perturbation are combinatorial, suggesting that the MBON ensemble collectively represents valence. We propose that local, stimulus-specific dopaminergic modulation selectively alters the balance within the MBON network for those stimuli. Our results suggest that valence encoded by the MBON ensemble biases memory-based action selection. KW - mushroom body KW - memory KW - behavioral valence KW - sleep KW - population code KW - action selection JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -