TY - JOUR TI - The genetic architecture of gene expression levels in wild baboons AU - Tung, Jenny AU - Zhou, Xiang AU - Alberts, Susan C AU - Stephens, Matthew AU - Gilad, Yoav A2 - Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T VL - 4 PY - 2015 DA - 2015/02/25 SP - e04729 C1 - eLife 2015;4:e04729 DO - 10.7554/eLife.04729 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.04729 AB - Primate evolution has been argued to result, in part, from changes in how genes are regulated. However, we still know little about gene regulation in natural primate populations. We conducted an RNA sequencing (RNA-seq)-based study of baboons from an intensively studied wild population. We performed complementary expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping and allele-specific expression analyses, discovering substantial evidence for, and surprising power to detect, genetic effects on gene expression levels in the baboons. eQTL were most likely to be identified for lineage-specific, rapidly evolving genes; interestingly, genes with eQTL significantly overlapped between baboons and a comparable human eQTL data set. Our results suggest that genes vary in their tolerance of genetic perturbation, and that this property may be conserved across species. Further, they establish the feasibility of eQTL mapping using RNA-seq data alone, and represent an important step towards understanding the genetic architecture of gene expression in primates. KW - baboon KW - allele-specific expression KW - RNA-seq KW - expression quantitative trait locus JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -