TY - JOUR TI - Regulation of two motor patterns enables the gradual adjustment of locomotion strategy in Caenorhabditis elegans AU - Hums, Ingrid AU - Riedl, Julia AU - Mende, Fanny AU - Kato, Saul AU - Kaplan, Harris S AU - Latham, Richard AU - Sonntag, Michael AU - Traunmüller, Lisa AU - Zimmer, Manuel A2 - Calabrese, Ronald L VL - 5 PY - 2016 DA - 2016/05/25 SP - e14116 C1 - eLife 2016;5:e14116 DO - 10.7554/eLife.14116 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14116 AB - In animal locomotion a tradeoff exists between stereotypy and flexibility: fast long-distance travelling (LDT) requires coherent regular motions, while local sampling and area-restricted search (ARS) rely on flexible movements. We report here on a posture control system in C. elegans that coordinates these needs. Using quantitative posture analysis we explain worm locomotion as a composite of two modes: regular undulations versus flexible turning. Graded reciprocal regulation of both modes allows animals to flexibly adapt their locomotion strategy under sensory stimulation along a spectrum ranging from LDT to ARS. Using genetics and functional imaging of neural activity we characterize the counteracting interneurons AVK and DVA that utilize FLP-1 and NLP-12 neuropeptides to control both motor modes. Gradual regulation of behaviors via this system is required for spatial navigation during chemotaxis. This work shows how a nervous system controls simple elementary features of posture to generate complex movements for goal-directed locomotion strategies. KW - locomotion KW - neuromodulation KW - motor control JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -