TY - JOUR TI - Distinct mechanisms mediate speed-accuracy adjustments in cortico-subthalamic networks AU - Herz, Damian M AU - Tan, Huiling AU - Brittain, John-Stuart AU - Fischer, Petra AU - Cheeran, Binith AU - Green, Alexander L AU - FitzGerald, James AU - Aziz, Tipu Z AU - Ashkan, Keyoumars AU - Little, Simon AU - Foltynie, Thomas AU - Limousin, Patricia AU - Zrinzo, Ludvic AU - Bogacz, Rafal AU - Brown, Peter A2 - Lakatos, Peter VL - 6 PY - 2017 DA - 2017/01/31 SP - e21481 C1 - eLife 2017;6:e21481 DO - 10.7554/eLife.21481 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21481 AB - Optimal decision-making requires balancing fast but error-prone and more accurate but slower decisions through adjustments of decision thresholds. Here, we demonstrate two distinct correlates of such speed-accuracy adjustments by recording subthalamic nucleus (STN) activity and electroencephalography in 11 Parkinson’s disease patients during a perceptual decision-making task; STN low-frequency oscillatory (LFO) activity (2–8 Hz), coupled to activity at prefrontal electrode Fz, and STN beta activity (13–30 Hz) coupled to electrodes C3/C4 close to motor cortex. These two correlates differed not only in their cortical topography and spectral characteristics but also in the relative timing of recruitment and in their precise relationship with decision thresholds. Increases of STN LFO power preceding the response predicted increased thresholds only after accuracy instructions, while cue-induced reductions of STN beta power decreased thresholds irrespective of instructions. These findings indicate that distinct neural mechanisms determine whether a decision will be made in haste or with caution. KW - subthalamic nucleus KW - speed-accuracy tradeoff KW - decision thresholds JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -