TY - JOUR TI - A spike sorting toolbox for up to thousands of electrodes validated with ground truth recordings in vitro and in vivo AU - Yger, Pierre AU - Spampinato, Giulia LB AU - Esposito, Elric AU - Lefebvre, Baptiste AU - Deny, Stéphane AU - Gardella, Christophe AU - Stimberg, Marcel AU - Jetter, Florian AU - Zeck, Guenther AU - Picaud, Serge AU - Duebel, Jens AU - Marre, Olivier A2 - Kleinfeld, David VL - 7 PY - 2018 DA - 2018/03/20 SP - e34518 C1 - eLife 2018;7:e34518 DO - 10.7554/eLife.34518 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.34518 AB - In recent years, multielectrode arrays and large silicon probes have been developed to record simultaneously between hundreds and thousands of electrodes packed with a high density. However, they require novel methods to extract the spiking activity of large ensembles of neurons. Here, we developed a new toolbox to sort spikes from these large-scale extracellular data. To validate our method, we performed simultaneous extracellular and loose patch recordings in rodents to obtain ‘ground truth’ data, where the solution to this sorting problem is known for one cell. The performance of our algorithm was always close to the best expected performance, over a broad range of signal-to-noise ratios, in vitro and in vivo. The algorithm is entirely parallelized and has been successfully tested on recordings with up to 4225 electrodes. Our toolbox thus offers a generic solution to sort accurately spikes for up to thousands of electrodes. KW - electrophysiology KW - silicon probe KW - population recording KW - spike sorting KW - neural ensemble JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -