Structural principles of SNARE complex recognition by the AAA+ protein NSF

Abstract
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Abstract

The recycling of SNARE proteins following complex formation and membrane fusion is an essential process in eukaryotic trafficking. A highly conserved AAA+ protein, NSF (N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor) and an adaptor protein, SNAP (soluble NSF attachment protein), disassembles the SNARE complex. We report electron-cryomicroscopy structures of the complex of NSF, αSNAP, and the full-length soluble neuronal SNARE complex (composed of syntaxin-1A, synaptobrevin-2, SNAP-25A) in the presence of ATP under non-hydrolyzing conditions at ~3.9 Å resolution. These structures reveal electrostatic interactions by which two αSNAP molecules interface with a specific surface of the SNARE complex. This interaction positions the SNAREs such that the 15 N-terminal residues of SNAP-25A are loaded into the D1 ring pore of NSF via a spiral pattern of interactions between a conserved tyrosine NSF residue and SNAP-25A backbone atoms. This loading process likely precedes ATP hydrolysis. Subsequent ATP hydrolysis then drives complete disassembly.

Data availability

The coordinates and corresponding EM density maps have been deposited in the PDB and EMDB, respectively.

The following data sets were generated

1. Axel T Brunger
(2018) The 20S supercomplex engaging the SNAP-25 N-terminus (class 1)
Publicly available at the EMBL-EBI Protein Data Bank (accession no: EMD-9100).

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/emdb/EMD-9100
1. Axel T Brunger
(2018) The 20S supercomplex engaging the SNAP-25 N-terminus (class 1)
Publicly available at the RCSB Protein Data Bank (accession no: 6MDM).

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=6MDM
1. Axel T Brunger
(2018) The 20S supercomplex engaging the SNAP-25 N-terminus (class 2)
Publicly available at the EMBL-EBI Protein Data Bank (accession no: EMD-9101).

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/emdb/EMD-9101
1. Axel T Brunger
(2018) The 20S supercomplex engaging the SNAP-25 N-terminus (class 2)
Publicly available at the RCSB Protein Data Bank (accession no: 6MDN).

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=6MDN
1. Axel T Brunger
(2018) The D1 and D2 domain rings of NSF engaging the SNAP-25 N-terminus within the 20S supercomplex (focused refinement on D1/D2 rings, class 1)
Publicly available at the EMBL-EBI Protein Data Bank (accession no: EMD-9102).

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/emdb/EMD-9102
1. Axel T Brunger
(2018) The D1 and D2 domain rings of NSF engaging the SNAP-25 N-terminus within the 20S supercomplex (focused refinement on D1/D2 rings, class 1)
Publicly available at the RCSB Protein Data Bank (accession no: 6MDO).

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=6MDO
1. Axel T Brunger
(2018) The D1 and D2 domain rings of NSF engaging the SNAP-25 N-terminus within the 20S supercomplex (focused refinement on D1/D2 rings, class 2)
Publicly available at the EMBL-EBI Protein Data Bank (accession no: EMD-9103).

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/emdb/EMD-9103
1. Axel T Brunger
(2018) The D1 and D2 domain rings of NSF engaging the SNAP-25 N-terminus within the 20S supercomplex (focused refinement on D1/D2 rings, class 2)
Publicly available at the RCSB Protein Data Bank (accession no: 6MDP).

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=6MDP

Article and author information

Author details

K Ian White

Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States

Competing interests
No competing interests declared.
Minglei Zhao

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States

Competing interests
No competing interests declared.
Ucheor B Choi

Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States

Competing interests
No competing interests declared.
Richard A Pfuetzner

Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States

Competing interests
No competing interests declared.
Axel T Brunger

Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States

For correspondence
brunger@stanford.edu

Competing interests
Axel T Brunger, Reviewing editor, eLife.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0001-5121-2036

Funding

Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Axel T Brunger

National Institutes of Health

Axel T Brunger

Helen Hay Whitney Foundation

K Ian White

The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.

Copyright

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.