TY - JOUR TI - Accelerated viral dynamics in bat cell lines, with implications for zoonotic emergence AU - Brook, Cara E AU - Boots, Mike AU - Chandran, Kartik AU - Dobson, Andrew P AU - Drosten, Christian AU - Graham, Andrea L AU - Grenfell, Bryan T AU - Müller, Marcel A AU - Ng, Melinda AU - Wang, Lin-Fa AU - van Leeuwen, Anieke A2 - Haydon, Dan A2 - Ferguson, Neil M A2 - Haydon, Dan VL - 9 PY - 2020 DA - 2020/02/03 SP - e48401 C1 - eLife 2020;9:e48401 DO - 10.7554/eLife.48401 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.48401 AB - Bats host virulent zoonotic viruses without experiencing disease. A mechanistic understanding of the impact of bats’ virus hosting capacities, including uniquely constitutive immune pathways, on cellular-scale viral dynamics is needed to elucidate zoonotic emergence. We carried out virus infectivity assays on bat cell lines expressing induced and constitutive immune phenotypes, then developed a theoretical model of our in vitro system, which we fit to empirical data. Best fit models recapitulated expected immune phenotypes for representative cell lines, supporting robust antiviral defenses in bat cells that correlated with higher estimates for within-host viral propagation rates. In general, heightened immune responses limit pathogen-induced cellular morbidity, which can facilitate the establishment of rapidly-propagating persistent infections within-host. Rapidly-transmitting viruses that have evolved with bat immune systems will likely cause enhanced virulence following emergence into secondary hosts with immune systems that diverge from those unique to bats. KW - bat KW - innate immunity KW - Chiroptera KW - within-host model KW - interferon JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -