TY - JOUR TI - Lateral orbitofrontal cortex promotes trial-by-trial learning of risky, but not spatial, biases AU - Constantinople, Christine M AU - Piet, Alex T AU - Bibawi, Peter AU - Akrami, Athena AU - Kopec, Charles AU - Brody, Carlos D A2 - Salinas, Emilio A2 - de Lange, Floris P A2 - Salinas, Emilio A2 - Izquierdo, Alicia VL - 8 PY - 2019 DA - 2019/11/06 SP - e49744 C1 - eLife 2019;8:e49744 DO - 10.7554/eLife.49744 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.49744 AB - Individual choices are not made in isolation but are embedded in a series of past experiences, decisions, and outcomes. The effects of past experiences on choices, often called sequential biases, are ubiquitous in perceptual and value-based decision-making, but their neural substrates are unclear. We trained rats to choose between cued guaranteed and probabilistic rewards in a task in which outcomes on each trial were independent. Behavioral variability often reflected sequential effects, including increased willingness to take risks following risky wins, and spatial ‘win-stay/lose-shift’ biases. Recordings from lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) revealed encoding of reward history and receipt, and optogenetic inhibition of lOFC eliminated rats’ increased preference for risk following risky wins, but spared other sequential effects. Our data show that different sequential biases are neurally dissociable, and the lOFC’s role in adaptive behavior promotes learning of more abstract biases (here, biases for the risky option), but not spatial ones. KW - decision-making KW - orbitofrontal cortex KW - sequential bias KW - learning KW - reinforcement learning JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -