TY - JOUR TI - Uncovering the functional anatomy of the human insula during speech AU - Woolnough, Oscar AU - Forseth, Kiefer James AU - Rollo, Patrick Sarahan AU - Tandon, Nitin A2 - Shinn-Cunningham, Barbara G VL - 8 PY - 2019 DA - 2019/12/19 SP - e53086 C1 - eLife 2019;8:e53086 DO - 10.7554/eLife.53086 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.53086 AB - The contribution of insular cortex to speech production remains unclear and controversial given diverse findings from functional neuroimaging and lesional data. To create a precise spatiotemporal map of insular activity, we performed a series of experiments: single-word articulations of varying complexity, non-speech orofacial movements and speech listening, in a cohort of 27 patients implanted with penetrating intracranial electrodes. The posterior insula was robustly active bilaterally, but after the onset of articulation, during listening to speech and during production of non-speech mouth movements. Preceding articulation there was very sparse activity, localized primarily to the frontal operculum rather than the insula. Posterior insular was active coincident with superior temporal gyrus but was more active for self-generated speech than external speech, the opposite of the superior temporal gyrus. These findings support the conclusion that the insula does not serve pre-articulatory preparatory roles. KW - insula KW - apraxia of speech KW - Stereoelectroencephalography KW - intracranial recording KW - speech production KW - speech perception JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -