TY - JOUR TI - Resident macrophages acquire innate immune memory in staphylococcal skin infection AU - Feuerstein, Reinhild AU - Forde, Aaron James AU - Lohrmann, Florens AU - Kolter, Julia AU - Ramirez, Neftali Jose AU - Zimmermann, Jakob AU - Gomez de Agüero, Mercedes AU - Henneke, Philipp A2 - Horng, Tiffany A2 - Rath, Satyajit A2 - Cheng, James VL - 9 PY - 2020 DA - 2020/07/08 SP - e55602 C1 - eLife 2020;9:e55602 DO - 10.7554/eLife.55602 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.55602 AB - Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common colonizer of healthy skin and mucous membranes. At the same time, S. aureus is the most frequent cause of skin and soft tissue infections. Dermal macrophages (Mφ) are critical for the coordinated defense against invading S. aureus, yet they have a limited life span with replacement by bone marrow derived monocytes. It is currently poorly understood whether localized S. aureus skin infections persistently alter the resident Mφ subset composition and resistance to a subsequent infection. In a strictly dermal infection model we found that mice, which were previously infected with S. aureus, showed faster monocyte recruitment, increased bacterial killing and improved healing upon a secondary infection. However, skin infection decreased Mφ half-life, thereby limiting the duration of memory. In summary, resident dermal Mφ are programmed locally, independently of bone marrow-derived monocytes during staphylococcal skin infection leading to transiently increased resistance against a second infection. KW - macrophages KW - immune memory KW - dermis JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -