TY - JOUR TI - Single-molecule imaging of chromatin remodelers reveals role of ATPase in promoting fast kinetics of target search and dissociation from chromatin AU - Kim, Jee Min AU - Visanpattanasin, Pat AU - Jou, Vivian AU - Liu, Sheng AU - Tang, Xiaona AU - Zheng, Qinsi AU - Li, Kai Yu AU - Snedeker, Jonathan AU - Lavis, Luke D AU - Lionnet, Timothee AU - Wu, Carl A2 - Deindl, Sebastian A2 - Struhl, Kevin A2 - Ren, Xiaojun A2 - Cairns, Bradley R VL - 10 PY - 2021 DA - 2021/07/27 SP - e69387 C1 - eLife 2021;10:e69387 DO - 10.7554/eLife.69387 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.69387 AB - Conserved ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers establish and maintain genome-wide chromatin architectures of regulatory DNA during cellular lifespan, but the temporal interactions between remodelers and chromatin targets have been obscure. We performed live-cell single-molecule tracking for RSC, SWI/SNF, CHD1, ISW1, ISW2, and INO80 remodeling complexes in budding yeast and detected hyperkinetic behaviors for chromatin-bound molecules that frequently transition to the free state for all complexes. Chromatin-bound remodelers display notably higher diffusion than nucleosomal histones, and strikingly fast dissociation kinetics with 4–7 s mean residence times. These enhanced dynamics require ATP binding or hydrolysis by the catalytic ATPase, uncovering an additional function to its established role in nucleosome remodeling. Kinetic simulations show that multiple remodelers can repeatedly occupy the same promoter region on a timescale of minutes, implicating an unending ‘tug-of-war’ that controls a temporally shifting window of accessibility for the transcription initiation machinery. KW - ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers KW - single-molecule tracking KW - live-cell imaging KW - search KW - residence times KW - promoter region occupancy JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -