TY - JOUR TI - Conservation and divergence of myelin proteome and oligodendrocyte transcriptome profiles between humans and mice AU - Gargareta, Vasiliki-Ilya AU - Reuschenbach, Josefine AU - Siems, Sophie B AU - Sun, Ting AU - Piepkorn, Lars AU - Mangana, Carolina AU - Späte, Erik AU - Goebbels, Sandra AU - Huitinga, Inge AU - Möbius, Wiebke AU - Nave, Klaus-Armin AU - Jahn, Olaf AU - Werner, Hauke B A2 - Monk, Kelly A2 - Westbrook, Gary L A2 - Monk, Kelly A2 - DeSilva, Tara VL - 11 PY - 2022 DA - 2022/05/11 SP - e77019 C1 - eLife 2022;11:e77019 DO - 10.7554/eLife.77019 UR - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.77019 AB - Human myelin disorders are commonly studied in mouse models. Since both clades evolutionarily diverged approximately 85 million years ago, it is critical to know to what extent the myelin protein composition has remained similar. Here, we use quantitative proteomics to analyze myelin purified from human white matter and find that the relative abundance of the structural myelin proteins PLP, MBP, CNP, and SEPTIN8 correlates well with that in C57Bl/6N mice. Conversely, multiple other proteins were identified exclusively or predominantly in human or mouse myelin. This is exemplified by peripheral myelin protein 2 (PMP2), which was specific to human central nervous system myelin, while tetraspanin-2 (TSPAN2) and connexin-29 (CX29/GJC3) were confined to mouse myelin. Assessing published scRNA-seq-datasets, human and mouse oligodendrocytes display well-correlating transcriptome profiles but divergent expression of distinct genes, including Pmp2, Tspan2, and Gjc3. A searchable web interface is accessible via www.mpinat.mpg.de/myelin. Species-dependent diversity of oligodendroglial mRNA expression and myelin protein composition can be informative when translating from mouse models to humans. KW - Oligodendrocyte KW - myelin sheath KW - axon-glia interaction KW - label-free proteomics KW - scRNA-seq KW - cross-species comparison JF - eLife SN - 2050-084X PB - eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd ER -