Reduced expression of MYBL2 contributes to malignancies of the blood by permitting uncontrolled expansion of blood cell progenitors, implying a tumor suppressor function for this gene.

Nearly half of bladder cancers of solid organ transplant recipients harbor papillomaviruses or polyomaviruses, with many tumors showing evidence of clonal viral integration and viral oncogene effects on tumor gene expression patterns.

TRF1 suppresses replication fork stalling, which triggers break induced replication at telomeres associated with DNA damage response, alteration in the telomere chromatin environment, and re-localisation of telomeres to PML bodies.

Correction of the DNA methyltransferase 3B gene in ICF1 syndrome fails to rescue the abnormal DNA hypomethylation at subtelomeric regions due to accompanied epigenetic abnormalities in these regions.