Decision-makers are able to intentionally control neural excitability to strategically bias sensory evidence accumulation towards the decision bound that maximizes reward within a given ecological context.

From as early as primary visual cortex and across posterior cortical areas, neural responses to visual pulses during an evidence-accumulation task exhibit a multitude of task-related amplitude modulations/gain changes.

Temporal uncertainty interferes with the timely onset of evidence accumulation in perceptual decision making prompting the brain to rely instead on statistical regularities in the temporal structure of the environment.

Interactions between cortical and subcortical circuits in the mammalian brain flexibly control the flow of information streams that drive decisions by shifting the balance of power both within and between action representations.

In a new evidence-accumulation decision-making task, activity of the lateral posterior cerebellum is necessary for accurate performance, and somatic and dendritic activity in Purkinje cells contains choice/evidence and error-related information.

Quantitative modeling of inactivations shows the prefrontal cortex (but not parietal cortex) of the rat is obligatory for decisions guided by evidence accumulating longer than 240 ms.

Choice history signals bias the interpretation of current sensory input, akin to shifting endogenous attention toward (or away from) the previously selected interpretation.

Sensory-evidence accumulation is a distributed cortical computation, but frontal cortical areas contribute to accumulation on longer timescales than posterior cortical areas.

In order to adjust for expected difficulty level while detecting unpredictably timed target within continuous streams of noisy information, people regulate the transfer of the sensory inputs to the accumulation process.

A single framework of bounded evidence accumulation resolves the seemingly paradoxical effects of noise on accuracy, reaction time and confidence.