The first example of an animal where RNA-editing dramatically reshapes the entire proteome demonstrates that editing must be a critical evolutionary and adaptive force.

Preventing premature interactions between microtubules and protein-based structures called kinetochores ensures that chromosomes are segregated by meiosis rather than mitosis in reproductive cells.

The sequence of neural and physiological processes underlying action-stopping has been delineated.

Cell-specific architectural properties such as the axon diameter of the white matter of the human brain can be quantified accurately and non-invasively using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging.

Combining cerebral organoid technology with cryo-correlative microscopy reveals the organization of cytoskeleton, membrane compartments, and protein synthesis machinery contributing to the rapid expansion of developing human axons.

Electron microcopy-based connectomics, in vivo functional imaging, and biophysical modeling reveal that mouse visual cortex chandelier cells, a type of GABAergic interneuron, are driven by arousal and distribute their synapses according to the individual properties of target cells.

Neurotrophin deprivation leads to rapid caspase-independent disassembly of the actin-spectrin-based membrane skeleton and spectrin-dependent retrograde signaling in axon degeneration.

Induction of the fission of mitochondria-populating sensory axons is shown to be a novel biological action of neurotrophins.

A continuously expressed LIM HD factor, Lmx1b, acts at successive stages to orchestrate the progressive morphological maturation of a long-range profusely arborized neuromodulatory axonal projection pathway.

Alternative splicing of the Dcc gene, which is controlled by the NOVA RNA-binding proteins, is crucial during neuronal migration and axon guidance.