The comprehensive assessment on environmental factors and epigenetics with obesity provides novel insights into potentially modifiable factors related to obesity at the outset and the end of puberty, with close relevance to health policy and public health.

Genetic variance of adult human height shows a generally increasing trend across the birth-year cohorts but heritability estimates do not present any clear pattern of secular changes over a century.

The link between height and cognitive assessment scores substantially weakened from 1957 to 2018.

Perinatal granulopoiesis and cord blood serum PGLYRP-1, a specific granule protein, are altered prior to onset of childhood asthma and provide potential targets for early identification of at-risk populations.

Rare SARM1 alleles encoding SARM1 variants that have constitutively high NADase activity and sensitise cultured neurons to mild stress are risk alleles for ALS and other, related motor disorders.

Epigenetic scores for blood protein levels identify those at risk of multiple age-related morbidities, up to 14 years prior to onset.

Genetic predisposition to uterine leiomyomas arises from variation at loci for genetic stability and genitourinary development, and in part explains the frequent occurrence of the condition in women with African origin.

Greater early developmental growth, as indexed by birth weight, relates to greater cortical volume and area in a stable way through the human lifespan.

First influenza infections determine susceptibility to future seasonal influenza infection throughout life, and may impact vaccine effectiveness.

Using unique data from five longitudinal UK birth cohorts, four distinct subsets of genetic variants were identified as differentially associated across wheezing phenotypes from infancy to adolescence with little evidence of genetic associations spanning across different phenotypes.