Genetic and bioinformatic analyses uncover an unexpected role for codon usage biases in regulating gene expression at the transcriptional level by suppressing premature transcription termination.

Variation in codon usage among functional categories of human genes is not due to selection for translation efficiency, but to differences in intragenic recombination rate, linked to variation in meiotic transcription level.

Attenuating candidate live virus vaccines by incorporating unfavoured codon pairs to reduce translation efficiency is actually mediated though changes in frequencies of CpG and UpA dinucleotides, which make viruses more visible to the innate immune system.

Global relative mRNA and protein abundance in trypanosomatids can be effectively estimated at transcriptomic and proteomic scales based on protein-coding sequences alone.

A tissue-wide fluoresence-based screen reveals that not all tissues in an organism (Drosophila) reinforce a hierarchy of codon usage to the same extent, a finding which impacts tissue-specific protein expression and function.

The translation rates of each yeast codon have been measured in both the A and P sites of the ribosome.

Noncanonical usage of stop codons in ciliates expands structurally flexible Q-rich domains and coevolves with codon usage biases to avoid triplet repeat disorders mediated by CAG/GTC replication slippage.

Codon optimization through biased synonymous substitutions is a characteristic feature of the genomes of generalist fungal parasites and is associated with the colonization of multiple hosts.

Biofilm formation by Bacillus subtilis relies on a sensing mechanism for the amino acid serine that does not depend on a dedicated protein or RNA.

The information for mRNAs expression level is set by codon choice in trypanosomes and requires translation to be interpreted into a turnover rate.