Spizellomycespunctatusis a genetically tractable chytrid and model organism for comparative cell biology for understanding evolution of the cell cycle, actin dynamics, and cellularization in fungi and early eukaryotes.

Phylogenomics provides support for the Gram-positive type of bacterial cell envelope being a derived character that arose independently multiple times through loss of an ancestral outer membrane.

Transposable elements are not reactivated in natural hybrids of the yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus, but their accumulation is genotype-specific and is not predicted by the evolutionary divergence between a hybrid's parents.

Cell biological features are subject to stochastic forces of mutation and random genetic drift, which together cause lineages exposed to identical selection pressures to diverge, and mean phenotypes to deviate from expectations under optimizing selection.

Trait-based metagenomic analysis of an ecosystem fertilization experiment shows that genomic traits that affect the costs and rates of biochemical information-processing mediate community assembly.

Deletion of one gene can lead to inactivation of other genes which restore a perturbed cellular function but change the epistatic interactions and the dynamics of the responsible module.

Increasing awareness that many causal links in biology might be bi-directional could overcome biases and improve scientific reasoning.

Three-dimensional fluorescence imaging of microbial eukaryotes in environmental samples allows accurate automated taxonomic profiling and quantitative data about ultrastructures and interactions of organisms.

Evolutionary adaptation to a constitutive perturbation of DNA replication reveals that adaptive mutations in three conserved pathways interact to restore faithful chromosome replication and segregation.

Effects of dietary lipids on organismal function and reproductive fitness are persistent and may depend on lipid identity, cause the evolution of lipid-based diet choice, alter food webs, change species responses to environmental change, and affect human nutrition.