HIV-specific antibodies that mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity vary in their paths to achieve function but commonly rely on mutations in multiple regions, including framework regions, to reach full potency.

A bnAb derived from a case of HIV superinfection has distinct qualities from other HIV-specific bnAbs, including framework residues that contribute to neutralization breadth and a unique viral escape profile.

A method to assess the risk of self-sustained HIV transmission in heterosexuals from phylogenetic and epidemiological data is developed and, when applied to the Swiss HIV epidemic, shows that this risk is negligibly small for Switzerland.

A subset of EC/VCs have CD4+T cells with resistance specific to R5-tropic HIV infection associated with transcriptional down-regulation of ccr5, a phenotype that appears to be heritable, across multiple generations.

An innovative strategy in genome analysis has generated a detailed description of how pathogens mutate when facing human genetic diversity.

Cross-reactive T cell immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 is severely compromised in HIV viremic individual.

Throughout learning, both unexpected outcomes and the predictive value of cues modulate learning rate and episodic memory, thereby supporting two seemingly opposing theories of associative learning.

A novel and potent receptor-binding-blockage human neutralizing antibody prevents HBV infection, and suppresses HBV infection therapeutically in HBV-infected mice.

AFF4 increases the combined selectivity of HIV Tat and TAR for super elongation complexes 330-fold over P-TEFb alone.

Tat uses unexpected regulatory mechanisms to reprogram target immune cells to promote viral replication and rewire pathways beneficial for HIV.