Mathematical modeling shows how RAF inhibitors can actually activate RAF kinases by stabilizing RAF proteins in the conformation capable of dimerization.
The consequences of manipulating neuronal activity with techniques such as optogenetics are highly sensitive to methodological details, highlighting the need for caution when interpreting results.
Electrophysiology measurements characterized eight optogenetic methods, including a new reporter mouse expressing soma-localized light-activated chloride channels, for inactivating small regions of mouse neocortex.
The cancer drug vemurafenib has potent off-target effects on JNK signaling that contribute to the development of squamous cell carcinomas in humans and in mice.
John P Grogan, Timothy R Sandhu ... Sanjay G Manohar
Dopaminergic medication dissociates contingent motivation from reward expectation effects on invigoration of movements in PD patients, confirming they are separate processes with different dopaminergic functions.
