The zebrafish is a premier model organism for biomedical research, with a rich array of tools and genomic resources, and combining these with a fuller appreciation of wild zebrafish ecology could greatly extend its utility in biological research.

Hundreds of loci underlying ecological adaptation to different environmental conditions show striking differences in allele frequencies between ecotypes of Atlantic herring.

By modelling organisms that alternate between individual and colonial lifestyles, the well-known Parrondo's paradox can emerge in an ecological setting without the need for stochastic environmental variation.

Cell biological features are subject to stochastic forces of mutation and random genetic drift, which together cause lineages exposed to identical selection pressures to diverge, and mean phenotypes to deviate from expectations under optimizing selection.

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has informed our understanding of molecular biology and genetics for decades, and learning more about its natural history could fuel a new era of functional and evolutionary studies of this classic model organism.

The emergence of subpopulations that perform distinct metabolic roles has been observed in populations of genetically identical bacteria.

The adaptation of Arabidopsis plants to the local environment is linked to DNA methylation.

Smoking is a risk factor for a broad range of gastrointestinal diseases independent of alcohol consumption.

A multipartite virus functionally spreads its distinct genome segments in distinct individual cells of the host plant, and complementation of the viral genes across cells allows a pluricellular infection cycle.

High-quality genomes can be obtained from roadkill samples and used in population genomics for species delimitation with conservation implications.