The findings have a major impact in understanding the different reward systems involved in two types of addictive behavior, and these advances have implications for prevention and treatment.

L-DOPA administration increases information-seeking about potential losses without impacting information-seeking about potential gains, and as a result, it reduces the effect of valence on information-seeking.

Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist and experimental model for schizophrenia, produces decision-making deficits in monkeys, which are predicted by a lowering of cortical excitation-inhibition balance in a spiking circuit model.

A series of quantitative behavioural and opto-physiological analyses using a novel robot microscope system reveals that C. elegans computes the time-differential and time-integral of sensory information for decision-making during olfactory navigation.

Light-seeking strategies in Zebrafish larvae are dissected using a virtual-reality assay, and these data are used to establish minimal stochastic and neural-circuits models that quantitatively capture this behavior.

Dopamine attenuates exploration during decision-making via a reduction of neural tracking of uncertainty.

Older adults show reduced adaptation of decision-making strategies to dynamically changing situational demands.

Accounting for the impact of smoking, obesity, and alcohol on past mortality trends, we project, compared to common practice, longer individual lifespans and more elderly in society for the future.

Smoking is a risk factor for a broad range of gastrointestinal diseases independent of alcohol consumption.

Intraoperative human brain recordings during a memory task reveal that when participants inhibit memory formation, the subthalamic nucleus shows higher beta power and beta coherence with areas of the lateral cortex implicated in memory processing.