Seminal fluid harbours the as yet unknown mechanism that facilitates rapid adjustment of sperm velocity in response to changing sperm competition risk.

Cylicin 1 and Cylicin 2 are essential components of the sperm perinuclear theca and their loss results in impaired spermiogenesis and thus in infertility in mice and men.

Calculations of flagellar energetics from beating patterns in sperm reveal that internal dissipation by dynein motors and other passive structures within the flagellum significantly exceeds external hydrodynamic dissipation.

Spermatozoa require GIV for specialized compartmentalized signaling to support efficient capacitation while inhibiting premature acrosome reaction.

Rheological properties of the environment regulate sperm swimming and navigational behavior through suppression or reactivation of sperm rolling around its longitudinal axis.

Loss of FAD stemming from cell autonomous defects in mitochondrial proline catabolism impairs sperm quality male reproductive advantage in C. elegans.

Zebrafish sperm display an unusual pathway for Ca²⁺ signalling.

The abundance of mosaic variants detected directly in sperm accurately predicts their transmission to concepti.

Sperm and egg development are temperature sensitive, enabling males and females to significantly improve their reproductive success by matching gamete function to varying thermal environments for fertilisation and offspring development.

Mammalian sperm subject to shear flow swim in upstream spirals along the walls bounding such flows, thereby demonstrating a robust mechanism for upstream navigation to the ovum.