Animal-to-animal variability in neural circuit elements is often hidden under normal conditions, but becomes functionally relevant when the system is challenged by injury.

Generation of a premotor/motor neuron comprehensive TEM reconstruction, functional optogenetics, and recurrent network modeling reveals different phase relationships among a subset of Drosophila motor neurons in forward versus backward locomotion.

The identification of a neural circuit that drives a specific grooming movement in Drosophila reveals that it may also control movement parameters, such as duration.