Electron cryo-tomography reveals a huge conformational change in the secretin domain of the type IV pilus machinery that occurs when the channel opens for pilus extrusion.

Differential physical interactions between bacteria in mixed microcolonies trigger cell sorting.

The pilus extrusion/DNA uptake system of Thermus thermophilus contains a 13-mer of the 757-residue PilQ protein and a tightly bound protein outside the outer membrane with a role in DNA binding.

Colour-controlled c-di-GMP signalling mediates directional switch of phototaxis via within-a-pole regulation of type IV pili in rod-shaped cyanobacteria Thermosynechococcus vulcanus.

The upper airway commensal, Neisseria cinerea, competes with related species using a T6SS, with antagonism modulated by the spatial dynamics of attacker and prey strains growing in a mixed community.

The spatial organization of pathogenic bacteria into microcolonies can be shaped by the stiffness of the substrate that they colonize, via modifications of the bacterial motility.

First identification of the molecular determinants driving contact-dependent predation in Myxococcus..

The helical rod structure and dynamic spring-like properties of the type 1 pilus are evolutionarily fine-tuned for functioning in host-pathogen interactions during urinary tract infection and gut colonization.

Somatostatin-expressing interneurons of the rodent dentate gyrus fall into at least two functionally distinct interneuron types with different synaptic integrations into the local dentate gyrus and the more distant medial septum neuronal network.

The somatic Golgi acts as an asymmetric MTOC within Drosophila neurons, and this, together with the action Kinesin-2, helps maintain minus-end-out microtubule polarity with proximal dendrites.