A robust method to quantitatively visualize HIV-1 replication complexes in infected cells shows that these complexes remain associated with the viral capsid beyond nuclear import in primary macrophages.

A critical role for glycosylation on viral entry and methods to use this knowledge to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infectivity has been demonstrated.

A high-throughput microscopy screen for drugs that modulate SARS-CoV-2 spike-mediated membrane fusion identifies an essential role for cholesterol in both virus entry and syncytia formation.

Cryo-electron microscopy reveals interactions at the interface between adeno-associated virus and its cellular receptor at 2.4Å resolution.

Factor Xa and thrombin cleavage activate SARS-CoV-2 spike, widening the scope of host proteases involved in coronavirus entry and demonstrating the potential for dual anticoagulant/antiviral drugs.

Two natural tannins, oligomeric proanthocyanidins and punicalagin, acted as potent inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and grape seed extract supplementation could serve as a healthy food for infection prevention.

Whereas SARS-CoV-2 utilizes cathepsins to enter most cell lines, human airway organoids revealed that entry into relevant cells is dependent on serine proteases, which can be targeted for treatment.

Lys417 regulates the opening and closing of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, allowing SARS-CoV-2 to maintain a delicate balance between infectiousness and evading host immune response.

Several previously proposed cell-surface receptors for hantaviruses could be deleted in endothelial cells with little or no effect on infection, indicating that critical hantavirus entry factors remain undiscovered.

Conformational flexibility in HIV-1 capsid, provided by cyclophilin A binding, facilitates evasion of capsid-targeting restriction factor MxB, while allowing sequence change to facilitate cytotoxic T-cell evasion.