Alvin X Han, Zandra C Felix Garza ... Colin A Russell
The longer duration of seasonal influenza virus infection in young children may provide opportunities for within-host evolution as a result of maintenance of genetic diversity through mutation-selection balance.
Stefano G Giulieri, Romain Guérillot ... Benjamin P Howden
A large-scale analysis of Staphylococcus aureus within-host evolution based on a comprehensive catalogue of bacterial genetic variation reveals an excess of genome degradation signatures in infecting strains and new genetic loci of clinically relevant adaptation.
Casper K Lumby, Lei Zhao ... Christopher JR Illingworth
Once an influenza infection is established, selection acts efficiently in favouring fitter viral genotypes, its effects being limited only by the short length of a typical infection.
Alison F Feder, Soo-Yon Rhee ... Pleuni S Pennings
The transition from bad to good treatments for HIV was accompanied by a shift from soft sweeps of many drug resistance mutations spreading simultaneously to harder sweeps of one drug resistant genotype at a time.
Chong Li, Marie R Culhane ... Montserrat Torremorell
Vaccination has the potential to decrease swine influenza diversification by restricting influenza virus co-infections and reassortment events in pigs.
Adérito L Monjane, Simon Dellicour ... Darren P Martin
Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate an evolutionary trade-off between the amount of harm inflicted by a broad host-range virus and how effectively the virus positions itself within plants to enable onward transmission.
Leonora S Bittleston, Charles J Wolock ... Anne Pringle
Host characteristics drive the assembly of similar communities within the convergently evolved and geographically distant pitcher ecosystems of carnivorous pitcher plants.
Dylan H Morris, Velislava N Petrova ... Colin A Russell
Despite the virus' error prone polymerase, influenza virus antigenic evolution is rare, even in previously immune hosts, virus replication occurs before producing new antibodies.
An in silico reconstruction of a chloroplast that existed hundreds of millions of years ago casts new insights in the evolutionary processes, endosymbioses and chimerism events that shape the origin of plastids.