Analysis of genomic DNA composition of surface plankton communities reveals a stable, ocean basin-scale plankton biogeography that emerges from the intertwined effects of environmental variations and currents.

To make reliable but metabolically efficient perceptual inferences in a changing world, neural systems should dynamically adapt based on surprise and uncertainty about the sensory environment.

Multimodal neuroimaging was used to study the effect of threat on spontaneous brain activity and functional connectivity, and demonstrated that threat increases both activity and connectivity of the intraparietal sulcus, a key node in the frontoparietal attention network.

Scalp electroencephalography combined with a frequency tagging method reveals that distinct responses to daily categories emerge at different ages in infants.

Reward and punishment learning is represented in partly overlapping regions of the brain while relying on specific intra- and inter-regional interactions.

Genome-wide recruitment of Mediator and Pol II is reduced in yeast lacking the Med2-Med3-Med15 tail module triad, and Mediator association with gene promoters depends on Pol II, Taf1, and TBP.

The fact that sexual activity/reproduction doubles the lifespan of certain rodent species is most likely linked to critical changes in the regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal stress axis.

Mouse self-initiated behaviors can be identified seconds prior to action and have similar neuro-dynamical structure to neural dynamics underlying human voluntary actions supporting the use of mouse models in self-initiated and volitional action research.

A distinct subpopulation of neurons in the rat orbitofrontal cortex encodes reward history at the time of choice, providing a potential neural substrate by which reward history may influence decisions.

Host characteristics drive the assembly of similar communities within the convergently evolved and geographically distant pitcher ecosystems of carnivorous pitcher plants.