Differing time courses of immune responses to the BTN162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in maintenance hemodialysis subjects are comparable to healthy controls and identify transcriptomic and clinical predictors of anti-spike IgG titers in hemodialysis subjects.

A fourfold reduction in the rate of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers ≥12 days after a single dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) has been found.

The BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine is highly effective at generating immune responses in people over the age of 80 years and provides good cross neutralization of the P.1 gamma variant of concern.

Immune markers measured at the early stage of COVID-19 infection are associated with various clinical outcomes and can be used to predict disease progression, T cell memory, viral shedding, and the antibody response of the COVID-19 patients.

Clonotypic tracing of SARS-CoV-2–responsive T cells reveals vaccination-induced dominant Tfh clonotypes, not pre-existing T cells, associated with sustained humoral response, and can serve as an index of antigen-specific antibody longevity.

The new early warning system, COEWS, will improve the early identification and management of high-risk COVID-19 patients compared to the widely used NEWS2 by using easy-to-obtain clinical parameters that have been externally validated in a diverse multicontinental cohort of patients.

Healthcare workers working on COVID-19 wards experience a 31-fold increased risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 compared to colleagues on non-COVID-19 wards whilst wearing fluid-resistant surgical masks, and FFP3 respirators provide up to 100% protection against infection.

A third dose of the inactivated vaccine CoronaVac fails to stimulate the production of neutralizing antibodies which target the Omicron variant.

Third dose of COVID-19 vaccine leads to seroconversion in 56% cancer patients that are seronegative after primary vaccination and a fourth can further boost immune response in patients with hematologic malignancies, which can be predicted by IgM and CD19 levels.

Population-level hybrid immunity depends substantially on vaccination coverage, including among those previously infected, and dried blood spot collection serves as a practicable biological surveillance platform for these immune responses.