Bayesian simulator-based inference is used to infer the parameters of complex multicompartment models of retinal neurons from two-photon imaging data.

Bayesian estimation of the proportion of the population that would show an effect in an experiment provides a broadly applicable alternative to standard null hypothesis tests on the population mean with several advantages.

The parallels between Bayesian synapses and energy-efficient synapses are highlighted.

Chromosomal instability of cancer can be quantitatively measured by phylogenetic analysis of 200 tumor cells while using evolutionary principles to account for cellular selection.

For analyzing time-dependent patch-clamp or patch-clamp fluorometry data of ion channels in terms of Markovian models, the superiority of Bayesian filtering with respect to traditional deterministic approaches is demonstrated enabling more reliable quantification of the parameters.

A novel Bayesian method of modeling retinotopic maps is more accurate than traditional voxel-wise methods and can be used to automatically derive high-quality maps.

The dependence of incentive value attribution on the anticipation of rewards within a given context is explained via a normative Bayesian account of how rewards map to incentive values.

In this ideal example of pharmacogenomics, individuals with a common variant in a gene encoding for an inflammatory lipid mediator benefit selectively from standard-of-care anti-inflammatory treatment used for tuberculous meningitis.

A novel method and software provides researchers with the capability to rapidly, flexibly, and robustly perform Bayesian parameter estimation of theoretically meaningful models in cognitive neuroscience that were heretofore intractable.

New modelling, statistics, and experiments show that cellular populations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) evolve during development according to solvable stochastic dynamics involving binomial partitioning and random turnover, facilitating a predictive and quantitative theory of the mtDNA bottleneck.