The transcriptional regulator BZR1 acts as a molecular integrator of environmental cues regulating the trade-off between growth and innate immunity.

Experiments on E. coli show that multiple mechanisms contribute to extreme resistance to ionizing radiation in bacteria, with mutations to three genes for DNA repair having a prominent role in one evolved population.

Inhibition of the catalytic activity of the Zap70 kinase reveals that discrete TCR-regulated events control the remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton when the cytotoxic T cell interacts with its target.

Natural killer cells that were commonly thought to circulate around the body can actually reside in distinct tissues, such as in the liver, skin or uterus, and do not re-circulate.

Arabidopsis lysozyme LYS1 generates soluble peptidoglycan fragments to mediate pattern-triggered immunity.

One memory center in the fly brain processes distinct appetitive and aversive associative memories of olfactory and visual cues using shared local circuits.

Not all members of the bacteria sodium channel family are sodium channels - those found in Bacillus are highly adaptable and can be converted into many selectivity types.

The chitin-triggered immune response is mediated by a LYK5 and CERK1 receptor complex in Arabidopsis.

Drep-2 is the first representative of the evolutionary conserved CIDE-N protein family found at synapses and is required for associative learning by functionally intersecting with metabotropic signaling.

A map of the entire array of cell types and potential projections in the mushroom body of the fruit fly brain provides insights into the circuitry that supports learning of stimulus-reward and stimulus–punishment associations.