Self-reactive B cells downregulate the IgM but not the IgD B cell receptor, and this serves as a critical tolerance mechanism because IgD is less sensitive to bona fide endogenous antigens than IgM.
Systemic inflammation is greater in individuals with concurrent TB and diabetes than in euglycemic individuals with TB, and this disparity persists through the full 6-month course of anti-tubercular treatment.
Using mice expressing a Bcl-2 mutant protein to suppress multiple central tolerance pathways, it is shown that central tolerance is crucial for preventing autoimmunity.
A link between chronic stress and organ dysfunction is explained by the gateway reflex, in which brain micro-inflammation at specific vessels establishes a new neural pathway to induce fatal organ failure particularly in gastrointestine and heart.
In years with colder ocean temperatures, fur seal pups receive more maternal care and have a better energy balance, clearing hookworm infection earlier, which increases their chances of survival.
USP49 can increase A3G protein expression and enhance its anti-HIV-1 activity, which is also correlated with hypermutations and affects the HIV-1 latent reservoir.
Deep learning improves estimation of T cell receptor cohort frequencies and learns the rules of VDJ recombination, potentially making it helpful for vaccine design.
