During sickness, sleep is induced by neuropeptides, which contain an amidated arginine-phenylalanine motif, acting in a neuroendocrine fashion on a G-protein coupled receptor called DMSR-1.

The intracellular location of a key sulfur compound, dimethylsulfoniopropionate, was identified in microalgae and its subsequent uptake by marine bacteria was quantified using a combination of secondary-ion mass-spectrometry techniques.

Despite the fundamental relationship between movement and value, they are represented in a separable manner in dopamine neurons.

Endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis factors enhance the mutational tolerance of influenza hemagglutinin, a model secretory pathway protein and therapeutic target, particularly improving the fitness of temperature-sensitive variants.

Operonic mRNAs in bacteria are comprised of ORF (open reading frame)-wide units of secondary structure, which are intrinsically distinct between adjacent ORFs and encode a rough blueprint for ORF-specific translation efficiency.

Sonic Hedgehog is transported inside cytonemes with co-receptors that promote contact-mediated signal delivery to initiate rapid, receptor-dependent responses in recipient cells.

While the basal ganglia have long been thought to mediate learning through dopamine-dependent striatal plasticity, their regulation of motor thalamus plays an unexpected and critical role in reinforcement.

Dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatal neural activity differ during early learning of action sequences but do not change with performance improvement across sessions, and become similar after extended training.

Genetic analysis of a CLN4 Drosophila model suggests that the disease-causing alleles act as dominant gain of function mutations that cause CSPα oligomerization and impair secretory and prelysosomal trafficking.

DNA methylation data can be harnessed to provide insights into molecular and phenotypic differences associated with the spectrum of psychosis diagnoses.