The ability to share resources for the benefit of all members of a group may have driven ancient organisms to evolve from a unicellular to a multicellular state.

The size of the mRNA fragment protected by a ribosome depends on the ribosome's conformation, which enables studies of the distinct steps of decoding and translocation at single-codon resolution.

New complex traits can evolve through the elimination of genes in multiple unrelated pathways, rather than through the creation of new gene functions.

Many vertebrates are able to synthesize a sunscreen compound de novo and the pathway involved can be used for heterologous production of the compound in yeast.

A eukaryotic cell model overcomes metabolic deficiencies within a complex, self-establishing community that enables the growth-relevant exchange of metabolic intermediates.

Mathematical modeling supports a scenario where cell-cell adhesion gradually evolves through natural selection, leading to the emergence of cohesive aggregates in microbial populations.

Although genetically and biochemically linked, the plant immune and growth receptors FLS2 and BRI1 form dispersed receptor clusters within the plasma membrane that are spatiotemporally separated.

Expression of a 5' extended mRNA isoform represses transcription of a downstream promoter.

RNA Polymerase II transcriptional termination of a nuclear long non-coding RNA is required to maintain the mitochondrial genome and hence promotes budding yeast growth.

Quasi-enveloped hepatitis A virions undergo clathrin-mediated endocytosis, followed by ALIX-dependent trafficking to lysosomes where the quasi-envelope is degraded, triggering uncoating of the RNA genome in association with lysosomal membrane rupture.