Dramatic phenotypic divergence of crustacean mushroom bodies map to phylogenetic lineages, thereby offering unexplored opportunities for relating divergent cognitive centers to different ecologies and behavioral repertoires required to negotiate them.

A new method allows silver- and gold-labeled tissues to be imaged with confocal microscopy, avoiding the problem of fluorescence photobleaching.

Analysis of Chlamydomonas, planaria and mice reveals a novel and unanticipated role for a peptide amidating enzyme in primary and motile ciliary assembly through effects on post-Golgi trafficking.

The somatic Golgi acts as an asymmetric MTOC within Drosophila neurons, and this, together with the action Kinesin-2, helps maintain minus-end-out microtubule polarity with proximal dendrites.

In filamentous fungi the AP-2 complex, which in mammals is an adaptor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, is recruited to specific clathrin-independent apical endocytosis necessary for proper lipid maintenance and polar growth.

Improved 3D and 4D imaging of neurovascular processes across scales reveals new insights into eye disease mouse models and shows retinal vessels are significantly distorted using standard flat-mount confocal imaging.

In models of chronic migraine, neuronal complexity is diminished in head-pain processing regions but restored through HDAC6 inhibition, which increases tubulin acetylation and cytoskeletal flexibility, and CGRP receptor blockade.

Type 1 polyisoprenoid diphosphate phosphatase (PDP1) contributes to interconversion of isoprenols and isoprenylpyrophosphates, balancing the sterol and nonsterol branches of the mevalonate pathway by regulating ERAD of HMG CoA reductase and ER-to-Golgi transport of UBIAD1.

Maintaining synaptic structure and function over time requires continuous signaling from pathways that are crucial for synapse development.

Ultrastructure expansion microscopy unlocks new fundamental cell biology of malaria parasites, providing new insights into processes including establishment of cell polarity, organelle biogenesis, and organelle fission.