A naturally acquired human monoclonal antibody recognizes proteins expressed at different stages of the Plasmodium falciparum life cycle through affinity-matured homotypic interactions with glutamate-rich repeats.

An eco-evolutionary model shows that heterozygote advantage can maintain over 100 major histocompatibility complex alleles, providing a potent explanation for extraordinary immune gene diversity and challenges previous models that predicted limited allele coexistence.

Phytoplasma effector SAP54 hijacks previously unknown MADS-box protein roles in plant-insect interactions by modulating plant biotic stress responses to male leafhoppers and facilitating female attraction and reproduction on male-exposed leaves.

Plasmodium parasites have repurposed the heme oxygenase scaffold from its canonical heme-degrading function to fulfill an essential and adaptive role in gene expression within the apicoplast organelle.