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    1. Neuroscience

    Dissociation of task engagement and arousal effects in auditory cortex and midbrain

    Daniela Saderi, Zachary P Schwartz ... Stephen V David
    Data collected from two important auditory brain areas distinguish effects of generalized arousal and specific task engagement on neural sensory coding.
    1. Neuroscience

    Precise excitation-inhibition balance controls gain and timing in the hippocampus

    Aanchal Bhatia, Sahil Moza, Upinder Singh Bhalla
    Delayed inhibition precisely balances excitation from arbitrary combinations of CA3 neurons and controls the gain of CA1 output by reducing inhibitory delay with increasing excitation.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology

    Associations of topic-specific peer review outcomes and institute and center award rates with funding disparities at the National Institutes of Health

    Michael S Lauer, Jamie Doyle ... Deepshikha Roychowdhury
    An analysis of peer review and funding outcomes of NIH research applications shows that funding disparities of topics preferred by African American Black investigators are not due to peer review preferences or biases.
    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    A novel central nervous system-penetrating protease inhibitor overcomes human immunodeficiency virus 1 resistance with unprecedented aM to pM potency

    Manabu Aoki, Hironori Hayashi ... Hiroaki Mitsuya
    GRL-142 is an HIV protease inhibitor with a unique structure and atto-to-picomolar potency against a wide range of HIV strains.
    1. Cell Biology
    2. Chromosomes and Gene Expression

    A ribosome assembly stress response regulates transcription to maintain proteome homeostasis

    Benjamin Albert, Isabelle C Kos-Braun ... David Shore
    Ribosome assembly is monitored to promote proteostatis through a system whereby unassembled ribosomal proteins lead to activation of heat shock factor 1 and inactivation of the RP gene activator Ifh1.
    1. Developmental Biology

    FBXO24 deletion causes abnormal accumulation of membraneless electron-dense granules in sperm flagella and male infertility

    Yuki Kaneda, Haruhiko Miyata ... Masahito Ikawa
    FBXO24, a testis-enriched E3 ubiquitin ligase, is essential for sperm flagellum formation and male fertility in mice.
    1. Chromosomes and Gene Expression
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    A conserved filamentous assembly underlies the structure of the meiotic chromosome axis

    Alan MV West, Scott C Rosenberg ... Kevin D Corbett
    Meiotic chromosome axis 'core' proteins from fungi, plants, and mammals form a conserved filament architecture, and use a common mechanism to recruit HORMAD proteins for meiotic recombination control.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology

    Decoding mechanism of action and sensitivity to drug candidates from integrated transcriptome and chromatin state

    Caterina Carraro, Lorenzo Bonaguro ... Barbara Gatto
    Combined analyses of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility elucidated the mechanisms underlying cancer cell lines response to antitumor candidates and provided a versatile perturbation-informed basal signature able to predict drug sensitivity.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Development of antibacterial compounds that constrain evolutionary pathways to resistance

    Yanmin Zhang, Sourav Chowdhury ... Eugene Shakhnovich
    Integrated multi-scale, multi-tool approach to design novel 'evolution drugs' which can delay the emergence of antibiotic resistance by constraining bacterial evolutionary escape strategies.
    1. Neuroscience

    Insula to mPFC reciprocal connectivity differentially underlies novel taste neophobic response and learning in mice

    Haneen Kayyal, Sailendrakumar Kolatt Chandran ... Kobi Rosenblum
    aIC to mPFC connections are correlative and necessary both for taste novelty behavior and learning while the reciprocal connection from mPFC to aIC is correlative and necessary for novelty behavior.