Neutrophil-dependent innate immune responses to the human pathogen, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, are modulated by an interplay between interleukin-21 and type 1 interferons.

IFNγ increases the responsiveness of human B cells to IL-2, TLR7/8 and IL-21 signals and therefore enhances antibody production in inflammatory settings associated with autoimmune or chronic disease.

Early career researchers commonly peer review manuscripts on behalf of invited reviewers, often without receiving feedback or being named to the journal.

The endosymbiosis between an alga and the spotted salamander shows several parallels to invertebrate-algal symbioses as well as to pathogen associations in vertebrate animals.

An image-based multiplex autophagosome RNAi screen targeting all Rab GTPases as well as their GAPs and GEFs identifies the Rab GEF SMCR8 as multifaceted autophagy modulator, which regulates kinase activity and gene expression of ULK1.

Determining that microbiota-deficient mice have increased visceral pain, which can be reversed by restoring microbiota, may lead to novel microbial-based strategies for disorders associated with visceral pain.

Lysosomes are highly enriched in chloride, which is essential for their degradative function.

The production of two secondary metabolites is co-regulated in a bacterium via an intermediate in one pathway that is converted into signals to activate the second pathway.

Selective synapse formation in a retinal motion-sensitive circuit is orchestrated by starburst amacrine cells, which use homotypic interactions to initiate formation of a dendritic scaffold that recruits projections from circuit partners.

Under conditions where the force of HIV infection per cell is high, partial attenuation of infection with inhibitors can increase the number of live infected cells and may paradoxically be beneficial for viral spread.