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    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Long-term balancing selection drives evolution of immunity genes in Capsella

    Daniel Koenig, Jörg Hagmann ... Detlef Weigel
    Retention of genetic diversity at immune-related loci drives the pattern of genetic variation in selfing Capsella.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Immunomodulatory drug discovery from herbal medicines: Insights from organ-specific activity and xenobiotic defenses

    Jue Shi, Jui-Hsia Weng, Timothy J Mitchison
    Organ-selective drug action of traditional Chinese medicine that generates systemic immune mediators is proposed and reviewed as a novel mechanistic angle to develop new immunomodulatory drugs.
    1. Evolutionary Biology

    Oldest skeleton of a fossil flying squirrel casts new light on the phylogeny of the group

    Isaac Casanovas-Vilar, Joan Garcia-Porta ... David M Alba
    Flying squirrels may have originated earlier than previously thought and remained unchanged for almost 12 million years.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    The evolutionary history and genomics of European blackcap migration

    Kira Delmore, Juan Carlos Illera ... Miriam Liedvogel
    Variation in migration can evolve rapidly and traits that comprise this behaviour may be determined by standing variation at a few regulatory regions that are not common across taxonomic groups.
    1. Ecology
    2. Neuroscience

    Combined transcriptome and proteome profiling reveals specific molecular brain signatures for sex, maturation and circalunar clock phase

    Sven Schenk, Stephanie C Bannister ... Kristin Tessmar-Raible
    A molecular profiling approach to quantify transcripts and proteins from identical samples allows study of molecular effects of maturation, sexual differentiation and the endogenous circalunar clock in a marine worm.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology

    Statistical and computational methods for integrating microbiome, host genomics, and metabolomics data

    Rebecca A Deek, Siyuan Ma ... Hongzhe Li
    Advanced statistical and computational methods are reviewed and compared for integrating microbiome, host genomics, and metabolomics data, together with future research directions.
    1. Ecology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Thermal acclimation of tropical coral reef fishes to global heat waves

    Jacob L Johansen, Lauren E Nadler ... Jodie Rummer
    The ability of animals to adjust to thermal stress is critical for survival under global warming, yet the adjustment process and scope have (until now) remained obscure in marine fishes.
    1. Computational and Systems Biology
    2. Epidemiology and Global Health

    Bias in nutrition-health associations is not eliminated by excluding extreme reporters in empirical or simulation studies

    Nao Yamamoto, Keisuke Ejima ... Andrew W Brown
    Elimination of extreme reporters using Goldberg cutoffs does not always produce unbiased estimates of associations between nutrition intakes and health outcomes.
    1. Ecology

    A small number of workers with specific personality traits perform tool use in ants

    István Maák, Garyk Roelandt, Patrizia d'Ettorre
    The likelihood to perform tool use during foraging is linked to personality traits in ants, suggesting an original interplay between consistent inter-individual variability and division of labor in social species.
    1. Ecology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Desiccation resistance differences in Drosophila species can be largely explained by variations in cuticular hydrocarbons

    Zinan Wang, Joseph P Receveur ... Henry Chung
    Evolutionary changes in cuticular hydrocarbons, a lipid layer on the insect epicuticle, underlie the evolution of desiccation resistance in Drosophila species.