Many of the effects of intelligence on health and social outcomes later in life are mediated via education.

A two-sample Mendelian randomization study suggested a potential causal relationship between HMGCR inhibition and the reduced risk of COVID-19 hospitalization.

Smoking is a risk factor for a broad range of gastrointestinal diseases independent of alcohol consumption.

A phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation analysis revealed a causal link between age-related macular degeneration and a number of lipid, complement, immune cell, and serum protein traits, highlighting potential treatment targets.

Using genetics, it is possible to uncouple higher adiposity from its adverse metabolic effects and show that some obesity-associated conditions may benefit from treating the metabolic effects alone, whilst others may benefit more from weight loss.

Genetically predicted high insulin-like growth factor levels may decrease the risk of COVID-19 susceptibility and hospitalization.

Long-term increased testosterone improved body composition and bone density, but lowered HDL and raised risks of hypertension, androgenic alopecia, prostate cancer, and spinal stenosis in males.

GrimAge acceleration may increase the risk of colorectal cancer.

Bidirectional causal relationship between higher sedentary time and higher adiposity suggests that decreasing sedentary time is beneficial for weight management, but also that weight loss may help reduce sedentary time.

Genetic analyses provide evidence that adiposity influences vitamin D levels at different timepoints over the lifecourse, suggesting that associations previously reported between vitamin D deficiency and disease by conventional epidemiological studies may have been prone to confounding.