The fruit fly estimates visual motion by incorporating ON-OFF asymmetric processing that only improves performance when stimuli have light-dark asymmetries matched to natural scenes.

A fundamental visual computation, the establishment of ON selectivity, is established across distributed circuits, allowing for more robust and flexible coding than suggested by core circuit motifs.

Cortical offset responses are not only inherited from the periphery but also amplified and de novo generated, and preventing them decreases the ability to detect sound termination.

Neurite arbors of VGluT3-expressing amacrine cells (VG3-ACs) process visual information locally uniformly detecting object motion while varying in contrast preferences; and in spite of extensive overlap between arbors of neighboring cells population activity in the VG3-AC plexus encodes stimulus positions with subcellular precision.

First-order interneurons in the Drosophila visual system are not ON or OFF pathway-specific inputs, but serve as distinct computational units that distribute different kinds of luminance and contrast information across pathways to achieve stable behavioral responses to visual stimuli.

New computational models provide insights into how the insect brain estimates the speed and direction of movement.

The processing of light and dark contrast information for detecting impending visual threats within grasshopper neurons reveals new mechanisms of information processing in the brain.

Single-peaked tuning curves found in early sensory areas are more optimized for quick decoding than accuracy, while multi-peaked tuning curves (e.g. grid cells) give higher accuracy but only at longer time scales.

A common mechanism for computation of direction selectivity in the ON and OFF channel is demonstrated.

The visual message conveyed by retinal neurons to the brain when signaling natural scenes resembles the individual receptive fields only when viewed in context of the neuronal population.