Across primates, volumes of specific brain regions relate to specific socio-ecological factors, bridging the gap between neuro-cognitive operations from laboratory studies and challenges primates face in their natural environment.

A new high-resolution approach to probing tooth chemistry shows real potential to uncover changing rainfall patterns and environmental conditions during human prehistory.

Wild male orangutans produce long calls composed of two hierarchical layers, wherein isochronous sub-pulses occur within isochronous pulses, indicating that recursive vocal combinatorics are not exclusive to language among hominids.

The human-like joint proportions of Australopithecus afarensis evolved independently, making 'Lucy' and her kind the earliest known evolutionary experiment in obligate bipedalism.

Mutations in the TRIM5α retrovirus-binding interface frequently improve but rarely disrupt retroviral restriction.

Primate-specific miR-934 mediates neurogenesis and downstream neuronal differentiation processes, modulating the expression of genes associated with the subplate, a region most prominent in primates, emerging during early cortical development.

Natural selection shaped CHC22 clathrin genetic variation in humans with different diets and potentially influenced the human insulin response.

The most recent common ancestor of humans, chimpanzees, and bonobos possessed a foot adapted to terrestrial quadrupedalism and climbing.

An analysis of innate immunity reveals why dengue viruses do not reach high titers in primate laboratory models, even though they emerged through zoonotic transmission from primate reservoirs.

Elephants escaped enhanced cancer susceptibility by evolving more master tumor suppressor genes.