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    1. Neuroscience
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Two new polymorphic structures of human full-length alpha-synuclein fibrils solved by cryo-electron microscopy

    Ricardo Guerrero-Ferreira, Nicholas MI Taylor ... Henning Stahlberg
    Two new polymorphic structures of recombinant human alpha-synuclein fibrils show striking differences to previous structures, while familial PD mutation sites remain crucial for protofilament interaction and fibril stability.
    1. Genetics and Genomics
    2. Medicine

    Effects of lifelong testosterone exposure on health and disease using Mendelian randomization

    Pedrum Mohammadi-Shemirani, Michael Chong ... Guillaume Paré
    Long-term increased testosterone improved body composition and bone density, but lowered HDL and raised risks of hypertension, androgenic alopecia, prostate cancer, and spinal stenosis in males.
    1. Neuroscience

    Motor cortex analogue neurons in songbirds utilize Kv3 channels to generate ultranarrow spikes

    Benjamin M Zemel, Alexander A Nevue ... Henrique von Gersdorff
    Molecular and electrophysiological evidence shows that Kv3 subunits contribute critically to ultrashort action potential waveforms and high-frequency firing in large projection neurons in zebra finch motor nuclei controlling song production and somatic movements.
    1. Evolutionary Biology

    The last common ancestor of animals lacked the HIF pathway and respired in low-oxygen environments

    Daniel B Mills, Warren R Francis ... Gert Wörheide
    Sponges and ctenophores lack hypoxia-inducible factors, suggesting that the metazoan last common ancestor could have lived aerobically under severe hypoxia and did not need to regulate its transcription in response to oxygen availability.
    1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Activation of the CaMKII-Sarm1-ASK1-p38 MAP kinase pathway protects against axon degeneration caused by loss of mitochondria

    Chen Ding, Youjun Wu ... Marc Hammarlund
    Axon degeneration due to loss of mitochondria is suppressed by CaMKII activity and MAP kinase signaling.
    1. Cell Biology
    2. Neuroscience

    Unconventional secretion of α-synuclein mediated by palmitoylated DNAJC5 oligomers

    Shenjie Wu, Nancy C Hernandez Villegas ... Randy Schekman
    A pathway of unconventional secretion for alpha-synuclein, a protein which may spread in the brain as part of the pathology of Parkinson’s disease.
    1. Physics of Living Systems
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Viruses: Packing up the genome

    Bálint Kiss, Miklós Kellermayer
    Nucleotide and force-dependent mechanisms control how the viral genome of lambda bacteriophage is inserted into capsids.
    Version of Record
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    1. Neuroscience

    Tracking the neurodevelopmental trajectory of beta band oscillations with optically pumped magnetometer-based magnetoencephalography

    Lukas Rier, Natalie Rhodes ... Matthew J Brookes
    The first neurodevelopmental study using a novel, wearable brain imaging system based on optically pumped magnetometers, shows age-related changes in neural oscillatory task responses and cortical functional connectivity.
    1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Using evolution to generate sustainable malaria control with spatial repellents

    Penelope Anne Lynch, Mike Boots
    The evolution of insecticide-avoidance behaviour can be used to generate new spatial repellents to keep malaria vectors out of homes.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    An integrated machine learning approach delineates an entropic expansion mechanism for the binding of a small molecule to α-synuclein

    Sneha Menon, Subinoy Adhikari, Jagannath Mondal
    Interaction of small molecule expands the conformational ensemble of alpha synuclein.