High-resolution mapping of RNA polymerase II transcripts shows that the directionality of mammalian promoters is determined by preferential transcriptional initiation and the opposing activities of Integrator and CDK9.

Quantification of all the major on- and off-pathway kinetic parameters in the transcription elongation cycle reveals that RNA polymerase II translocates slowly in a linear, non-branched Brownian ratchet mechanism.

An inorganic tin oxochloride cluster specifically binds to an intrinsically disordered, histidine-rich, low complexity protein region and arrests de novo transcription initiation without affecting reinitiation.

While the transcription factor c-Myc explores the space in the nucleus in an unrestricted manner, the elongation factor P-TEFb's sampling of the nucleus is constrained to a complex domain with fractal characteristics.

Re-characterization of the targets of a commonly used nuclear speckle marker unexpectedly leads to the discovery of the elusive core of the nuclear speckles.

The elongation rate of RNA Polymerase II varies greatly between and along genes, as this enzyme accelerates from stable pausing to rapid elongation within genes, and is influenced by CG-content, exons and chromatin.

Comparative genomics coupled with genetic and biochemical studies show that central carbon metabolism in fungi can be remodeled by genes originating from bacteria.

Assays using recombinant HIF prolyl hydroxylases did not support hydroxylation of more than 20 reported non-HIF substrates under conditions where robust HIF hydroxylation was observed.

During epigenetic transcriptional memory in budding yeast, histone H3 lysine 4 dimethylation - dependent on Nup1000 and independent of RNA polymerase II - regulates binding of a critical transcription factor and, once established, is mitotically heritable for at least four cell divisions.

Atrophic muscles of patients and animal models developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis show an upregulation of TAp63 that stimulates the expression of a pro-atrophic ubiquitin ligase.