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    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 NSP10 highlight strong functional conservation of its binding to two non-structural proteins, NSP14 and NSP16

    Huan Wang, Syed RA Rizvi ... Shozeb Haider
    Structure and simulations reveal SARS-CoV-2 NSP10 is more resistant to genetic variations than other SARS-CoV-2 NSPs and that the presence of mutations conserves structural and dynamic changes in NSP10.
    1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Patterns of within-host genetic diversity in SARS-CoV-2

    Gerry Tonkin-Hill, Inigo Martincorena ... Wellcome Sanger Institute COVID-19 Surveillance Team
    Characterisation of within-host diversity of SARS-CoV-2 provides insights into the mutational and selective mechanisms driving its evolution and has important implications for using within-host variation to inform transmission inference efforts.
    1. Immunology and Inflammation

    The alpha/B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 variant exhibits significantly higher affinity for ACE-2 and requires lower inoculation doses to cause disease in K18-hACE2 mice

    Rafael Bayarri-Olmos, Laust Bruun Johnsen ... Mikkel-Ole Skjoedt
    Functional characterization of the alpha/B1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 variant revealed an eightfold affinity increase of the N501Y RBD to human ACE-2 and that even a low inoculation dose of the alpha variant induces severe disease and fast progression in transgenic hACE2 mice.
    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Highly synergistic combinations of nanobodies that target SARS-CoV-2 and are resistant to escape

    Fred D Mast, Peter C Fridy ... Michael P Rout
    A large repertoire of nanobodies that target discrete regions of SARS-CoV-2 spike shows effective neutralization against variants of concern with many pairwise combinations resistant to escape and demonstrating synergistic neutralization activities.
    1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Regional importation and asymmetric within-country spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in the Netherlands

    Alvin X Han, Eva Kozanli ... Chantal Reusken
    Flight restrictions targeted at countries where SARS-CoV-2 variant-of-concern first emerged have limited effectiveness in deterring their introduction into the Netherlands due to the strength of regional travel importation risks in Europe.
    1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Immunology and Inflammation

    Quantifying the impact of immune history and variant on SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics and infection rebound: A retrospective cohort study

    James A Hay, Stephen M Kissler ... Yonatan H Grad
    Variation in SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics are partly explained by an individual's immune state and the infecting variant, but substantial interpersonal variation limits the reliability of isolation policies tailored to an individual's vaccination status.
    1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Reduced antibody cross-reactivity following infection with B.1.1.7 than with parental SARS-CoV-2 strains

    Nikhil Faulkner, Kevin W Ng ... George Kassiotis
    Heterotypic immunity, the ability of immunity induced by one SARS-CoV-2 variant to protect against another, is asymmetric, with the UK (B.1.1.7) variant, eliciting weaker heterotypic immunity than other variants.
    1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    SARS-CoV2 variant-specific replicating RNA vaccines protect from disease following challenge with heterologous variants of concern

    David W Hawman, Kimberly Meade-White ... Jesse H Erasmus
    A replicating RNA vaccine platform generated significant immunity against SARS-CoV2 in mice and hamsters, and can be updated to target variants of concern.
    1. Medicine
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    The natural tannins oligomeric proanthocyanidins and punicalagin are potent inhibitors of infection by SARS-CoV-2

    Hsiao-Fan Chen, Wei-Jan Wang ... Mien-Chie Hung
    Two natural tannins, oligomeric proanthocyanidins and punicalagin, acted as potent inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and grape seed extract supplementation could serve as a healthy food for infection prevention.
    1. Medicine

    Exploratory data on the clinical efficacy of monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern

    Fulvia Mazzaferri, Massimo Mirandola ... Evelina Tacconelli
    Compared with casirivimab/imdevimab and bamlanivimab/etesevimab, early treatment with sotrovimab seems to reduce the time to sustained recovery among adult outpatients with mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection due to Omicron BA.1 and BA.1.1.