Mutagenizing sequences enriched with promoter motifs creates gene expression de novo, and helps to understand promoter logic, regulatory evolution, and the birth of de novo genes.

A retracting gradient of the transcription factor Tailless spatiotemporally patterns the Drosophila tail region by modulating the intrinsic dynamics of a regulatory network involving the timer genes caudal, Dichaete, and odd-paired.

De novo-generated small proteins can cause deattenuation of an amino acid biosynthetic operon by direct protein–RNA interactions.

High-throughput RNA-RNA interaction analysis uncovers many novel sRNA-target interactions at various growth stages in Escherichia coli.

By sterically hindering tRNA binding and inhibiting translation elongation, mRNA stem-loops can modulate gene expression.

An eukaryotic specific system cooperates with the ribosome quality control pathway to maintain the reading frame during translation of slowly translated sequences.

Asc1/RACK1 promotes the translation of mRNAs associated with the translational closed loop complex, which have short open reading frames and encode proteins required for core metabolic processes.

Structural analysis of the HipBST toxin–antitoxin system from E. coli shows how a toxin kinase has been split into two proteins and encodes its own inhibitor.

Integrons deploy a variety of adaptive strategies including excision, shuffling, and duplication of cassettes that foster rapid bacterial adaptation and resistance evolution while protecting the genomic integrity of the host.