ARL13B regulates cell ciliation and cilia length from within cilia and Sonic hedgehog response from outside of cilia indicating the two processes can be spatially uncoupled.

Sonic Hedgehog signaling may temporally and spatially activate planar cell polarity signaling for cellular and tissue morphogenesis.

Astrocytes modulate synaptic remodeling of developing circuits in a cell type-specific manner, with long lasting deficits in synaptic plasticity.

Smurf1 and Smurf2 have essential functions in the mammalian Shh signaling pathway, binding to and ubiquitylating Patched1, leading to its endocytosis and subsequent degradation in lysosomes.

Dispatched cleavage, mediated by Furin, regulates Dispatched membrane trafficking and release of Sonic Hedgehog ligand.

During development the Sonic Hedgehog protein is produced by epithelial structures and acts at a distance in the brain and perhaps in other organs.

Sonic hedgehog signaling is crucial for the self-renewal of outer radial glial cells and gyrus formation of the cerebral cortex in gyrencephalic mammals.

Pathogenic LRRK2kinase requires Rab10 and RILPL1 to block primary cilia formation, shortening cilia on cholinergic neurons needed for a hedgehog driven circuit that supports dopaminergic neurons in mouse brain.

Methylation of Gli3 by Set7 enhances the activation of Hedgehog signaling and contributes to tumor growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo.

The brain and olfactory epithelium play a key role in pattering chondrogenic areas in the developing face, which is partly based on the release of SHH from neurosensory structures into the facial mesenchyme.