ARL13B regulates cell ciliation and cilia length from within cilia and Sonic hedgehog response from outside of cilia indicating the two processes can be spatially uncoupled.

Smurf1 and Smurf2 have essential functions in the mammalian Shh signaling pathway, binding to and ubiquitylating Patched1, leading to its endocytosis and subsequent degradation in lysosomes.

Developmental defects of the cochlea caused by dysregulation of sonic hedgehog signaling are the potential etiology for hearing loss in a group of ciliopathies with defective ciliogenesis.

Astrocytes modulate synaptic remodeling of developing circuits in a cell type-specific manner, with long lasting deficits in synaptic plasticity.

During development the Sonic Hedgehog protein is produced by epithelial structures and acts at a distance in the brain and perhaps in other organs.

Closure of the cranial neural tube, which is essential for mammalian development, is driven by spatially and temporally patterned cell remodeling events that require positionally regulated Sonic hedgehog signaling.

Sonic Hedgehog signaling may temporally and spatially activate planar cell polarity signaling for cellular and tissue morphogenesis.

Aberrant phosphorylation of tyrosine 78 on Atoh1 via Jak2 is responsible for sonic hedgehog type medulloblastoma growths in vivo.

Sonic hedgehog signaling is crucial for the self-renewal of outer radial glial cells and gyrus formation of the cerebral cortex in gyrencephalic mammals.

Pathogenic LRRK2kinase requires Rab10 and RILPL1 to block primary cilia formation, shortening cilia on cholinergic neurons needed for a hedgehog driven circuit that supports dopaminergic neurons in mouse brain.