Increasing PI(4,5)P2 on a sub-second timescale using a novel, membrane-permeant UV activatable PI(4,5)P2 molecule augments exocytosis which requires the PI(4,5)P2 interacting exocytotic proteins Munc13-2 and synaptotagmin-1.

Heterogeneous distances between vesicles and Ca²⁺-channels make synapses prone to short-term depression, however, Ca²⁺-dependent increases in the number of release-ready vesicles supports facilitation even with broadly distributed vesicle:Ca²⁺-channel distances.

A mathematical model of neurotransmitter release predicts that a mutual stabilization of calcium and membrane phospholipids binding to synaptotagmin proteins allows several synaptotagmins to work together for fast synaptic transmission.

Sensory neurons that monitor ambient oxygen control a cascade of responses across multiple layers of interneurons to switch the global state of the nematode C. elegans, reprogramming behavior and gene expression to enable escape from or adaptation to surface exposure.

Targeted mutations in a Ca²⁺-binding site of otoferlin, a transmembrane protein of synaptic vesicles defective in a recessive form of deafness, reveal its Ca²⁺ sensor role both for vesicle fusion and vesicle pool replenishment.

The Toxoplasma parasite requires an enzyme called ASP5 to cleave proteins for export into host cells.

APEX2 proximity labeling of genetically targeted neurons enables subcellular and cell type-specific proteomics in the mouse brain, revealing the axonal and somatodendritic proteomes of midbrain dopaminergic neurons.

A new post-translational regulatory mechanism of K-Ras is identified, which expands the function of reversible protein lysine fatty acylation and offers new possibility to target the K-Ras oncoprotein.